AP Success - AP Gov & Pol: Comprehensive Set 2
Source 1
Speech is an essential mechanism of democracy, for it is the means to hold officials accountable to the people. The right of citizens to inquire, to hear, to speak, and to use information to reach consensus is a precondition to enlightened self-government and a necessary means to protect it. The First Amendment 'has its fullest and most urgent application' to speech uttered during a campaign for political office.
For these reasons, political speech must prevail against laws that would suppress it, whether by design or inadvertence. Laws that burden political speech are 'subject to strict scrutiny,' which requires the Government to prove that the restriction 'furthers a compelling interest and is narrowly tailored to achieve that interest.' ... We return to the principle ... that the Government may not suppress political speech on the basis of the speaker’s corporate identity. No sufficient governmental interest justifies limits on the political speech of nonprofit or for-profit corporations.
3 questions below refer to this excerpt from Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission.
Question 1
Regarding the federal bureaucracy, the concept of "rule-making" is significant because:
Question 2
Which of the following federalism models best describes the era of New Federalism initiated in the 1980s?
Question 3
Enumerated powers of Congress are outlined in the Constitution. Which of the following is NOT considered an enumerated power?
Question 4
The application of the death penalty in cases involving mentally disabled defendants was addressed in which landmark Supreme Court case?
Question 5
The "gender gap" in politics refers to differences in political preferences and voting behaviors between men and women. Which of the following best illustrates a consequence of the gender gap on electoral outcomes?
Question 6
The strategy of targeting specific demographic groups during a political campaign is known as microtargeting. Which of the following best describes a potential ethical concern associated with microtargeting?
Question 7
Refer to the excerpt from Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. The Supreme Court's decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) held that the government:
Question 8
Refer to the excerpt from Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. In applying the "strict scrutiny" standard to laws that burden political speech, as referenced in the Citizens United decision, the Supreme Court requires that such laws:
Question 9
Refer to the excerpt from Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. According to the Citizens United ruling, laws that burden political speech must:
Question 10
According to the graph on Americans' frustrations with the federal tax system, which of the following concerns is most prevalent among the surveyed population?
Source 10.1
Pew Research Center.
Question 11
The data provided in the graph about the federal tax system indicates a public opinion trend. How might this trend influence congressional policy-making?
Source 11.1
Pew Research Center.
Question 12
The graph illustrates varying levels of frustration with aspects of the federal tax system among Americans. What conclusion can be drawn about the role of public opinion in shaping policy agendas?
Source 12.1
Pew Research Center.
Question 13
Voter behavior models that explain how individuals decide to vote often consider the influence of political ideologies. Which scenario best demonstrates the concept of retrospective voting?
Question 14
The right to privacy was most directly established in which of the following Supreme Court cases?
Question 15
Which of the following does NOT constitute a check on the judiciary by other branches?
Question 16
The President's Cabinet functions as:
Question 17
Cooperative Federalism is best illustrated by which of the following policies?
Question 18
Which of the following best describes the impact of "Shelby County v. Holder" (2013) on the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Question 19
The influence of major political events on individuals' ideologies can be significant. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates how a foreign policy crisis might alter domestic political ideologies?
Question 20
Divided government occurs when:
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