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Sovereignty and Territoriality

Political geographers analyze territoriality and sovereignty at a variety of scales, including regional, state, substate regional, and local.

Question 1

Short answer

Define the concept of territoriality in terms of political geography.

Question 2

Short answer

Describe the concept of sovereignty as it relates to the state.

Question 3

Short answer

Compare ONE difference in territorial organization between the governments of unitary states and the governments of federal states.

Question 4

Short answer

Recently, the United Kingdom decided to withdraw from the European Union. Explain ONE possible reason why sovereignty would play a role in the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the European Union.

Question 5

Short answer

During the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, some people in Scotland proposed independence from the United Kingdom. Explain ONE possible reason why territoriality would play a role in the devolution of a state.

Question 6

Short answer

Local governments often divide cities into representative electoral districts. Explain how the process of redrawing district boundary lines may affect election results within a city.

Question 7

Short answer

Explain why neighboring local governments may face challenges in providing transportation services to residents of a rapidly growing metropolitan area.

Human Geography

9th grade

Advanced Placement

Unit

Unit 4: Political Patterns and Processes

Format

Short answer

Short answer rubric

Sovereignty & Territoriality FRQ

· Correct answers must define territoriality as the connection of people, culture, and economic systems to where they live, applicable to multiple scales.
· Correct answers must define territoriality as the creation, expansion, annexation, or defense of political units with fixed distinct boundaries.
· Correct answers must define territoriality as the establishment of a land area under a jurisdiction such as a system of governance or administrative control.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to control what is inside their borders without outside interference.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as states being recognized by the international community.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to defend their borders against invasion.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to close borders to immigration.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to regulate international trade.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to establish their own government and political representation.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to enact laws or policies.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to establish alliances and diplomatic relations.
· Correct answers must describe sovereignty as the right of states to establish policies such as taxation and appropriations.
· Correct answers must compare unitary and federal states by describing unitary states as having top-down governance and federal states as having locally based power centers.
· Correct answers must compare unitary and federal states by describing unitary states as having a single government over the entire territory and federal states as dividing power among regional governments.
· Correct answers must compare unitary and federal states by describing unitary states as having centralized administration and federal states as having dispersed power centers.
· Correct answers must compare unitary and federal states by describing unitary states as having a single system of territorial control and federal states as having multiple internal systems based on regional culture.
· Correct answers must explain that the UK left the EU because it surrendered too much sovereignty to the EU's supranational government.
· Correct answers must explain that increased immigration to the UK and political pressure to limit it, in opposition to EU policies, influenced the UK's decision to leave the EU.
· Correct answers must explain that the UK believed it could form more advantageous trade agreements independently from the EU.
· Correct answers must explain that the UK maintained its own currency, the British Pound, as a symbol of identity and economic stability or superiority, influencing its decision to leave the EU.
· Correct answers must explain that the UK's physical separation from Europe, history of world trade, and sense as a world power contributed to a weaker sense of belonging to the EU.
· Correct answers must explain that a region's connection to land, ethnic group, culture, and/or regional identity, and the desire for autonomy or secession, plays a role in the devolution of a state.
· Correct answers must explain that a region's belief that its culture and attachment to land are not respected by the state's leaders or other regions contributes to the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that a region's belief that state economic policies favor other groups at its expense plays a role in the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that the belief in Scotland's control over foreign policy and defense agreements contributes to the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that the belief in Scotland's dual identity as its own country and part of Europe influences the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that the belief that trade agreements among EU members would benefit Scotland's economy if it rejoins the EU influences the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that political leaders' desire for Scottish independence to have a separate economy and/or monetary system from the UK contributes to the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that the desire for an independent Scotland with the British monarch as the titular head of state influences the desire for devolution.
· Correct answers must explain that redrawing district boundaries may shift the balance of political power and favor certain parties or groups.
· Correct answers must explain that dividing a voting group among several districts through redistricting diminishes its power (cracking).
· Correct answers must explain that concentrating a voting group in one district through redistricting increases its political power (packing) or favors groups with higher voter turnout (stacking).
· Correct answers must explain that overly concentrating a voting group in one district through redistricting may reduce its influence in surrounding areas (packing to decrease power).
· Correct answers must explain that redistricting as populations change creates new districts where voters may be less familiar with issues and candidates.
· Correct answers must explain that fragmented local governments may struggle to agree on transportation services and projects.
· Correct answers must explain that independent local governments without a regional forum may face difficulties in transportation planning.
· Correct answers must explain that local governments may compete for transportation funding, seeing each other as competitors.
· Correct answers must explain that local pride or rivalries may hinder cooperation between governments on transportation planning.
· Correct answers must explain that wealth disparities between local governments may affect their ability to meet transit infrastructure demands.
· Correct answers must explain that suburban sprawl and separate municipalities increase demand and pressure on transit through communities closer to the city center.

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