AP Success - AP Human Geography: Comprehensive Set 1
Question 1
The concept of "space-time compression" is best exemplified by which of the following phenomena?
The gradual shift from primary to tertiary sectors in global economies.
The declining significance of geographical barriers due to technological advancements.
The increased homogeneity of global cultures through the diffusion of Western media.
The resurgence of traditional practices as a form of cultural resistance.
The localization strategies of multinational corporations in different cultural contexts.
Question 2
As a country progresses from a pre-industrial to an industrial economy, what demographic changes are likely to be observed in its urban areas?
A shift from an aging population to a predominantly youthful one
Stabilization of the population pyramid, reflecting zero population growth
A rise in the dependency ratio due to an influx of retirees
An increase in life expectancy and a decrease in family size
A decrease in the natural increase rate due to out-migration
Question 3
Comparing the population pyramids of France and India, what can be inferred about the demographic stage of each country?
Population pyramids of France and India.
India is in a later demographic stage than France as evidenced by its larger elderly population.
India's population pyramid suggests it is experiencing a demographic dividend, while France is facing challenges associated with an aging population.
France is in an earlier demographic stage than India due to a higher percentage of young population.
Both countries are in the same demographic stage because they both have pyramids that display a broad base.
France is in a later demographic stage with a more evenly distributed age structure and a relatively smaller young population.
Question 4
Based on the population pyramids shown, which of the following social policies might be most appropriate for the respective governments to consider?
Population pyramids of France and India.
France should focus on policies that support youth employment, while India should prioritize elderly care services.
India should focus on developing infrastructure to support its large elderly population, while France should prioritize healthcare services for its overwhelmingly young population.
India should prioritize investments in education for the large youth cohort, while France might consider policies to address potential labor shortages due to an aging population.
France should implement policies encouraging high fertility rates, and India should focus on reducing its birth rate.
Both countries should immediately implement strict population control measures to prevent overpopulation.
Question 5
A multinational corporation designs products to reflect the cultural preferences of a local market. What term best describes this approach?
Cultural adaptation
Cultural commodification
Cultural convergence
Cultural divergence
Cultural appropriation
Question 6
A supranational organization decides to implement a unified currency among its member states to enhance economic cooperation and reduce transaction costs. Considering the diverse economic landscapes of its members, which of the following outcomes is most likely to pose a challenge to this initiative?
Immediate increase in the GDP of all member states due to improved trade relations
Reduction in national identity and sovereignty concerns among member states
Enhanced trade efficiency within the supranational bloc
Loss of monetary policy autonomy by member states, complicating their ability to respond to local economic crises
Decrease in inflation rates across all member states due to the stability of the new currency
Question 7
Vertical farming practices are an innovative response to:
The scarcity of agricultural land in urban environments
The decline in traditional crop rotation methods
The challenge of farming in arid and semiarid regions
Increased soil salinity in coastal agricultural zones
The demand for biofuel crops in rural areas
Question 8
If a country has a GINI coefficient of 0.45, which of the following is most likely true?
It has no poverty.
It has a perfectly equal income distribution.
It has moderate income inequality.
It is considered a low-income country.
It is among the countries with the highest income inequality.
Question 9
The "bid-rent curve" explains which of the following urban patterns?
The decreasing value of land as one moves away from the CBD
The clustering of retail establishments around major highways
The concentration of industrial activities in the periphery of cities
The segregation of urban areas based on socioeconomic status
The increase in residential land use in the city center
Question 10
What is the primary goal of a multinational corporation (MNC) when establishing a branch in a developing country?
To support local entrepreneurship
To take advantage of higher environmental standards
To utilize more technologically advanced labor
To invest in educational development
To benefit from lower labor costs
Question 11
A state introduces a policy to encourage population growth in its underpopulated northern region. Incentives include tax breaks for businesses, subsidies for homebuyers, and investment in infrastructure. Which geographic principle is being applied to address regional disparities within the state?
Uneven development
Central place theory
Scale of analysis
Distance decay
Spatial distribution
Question 12
A country's traditional cuisine has become globally popular, leading to the opening of restaurants worldwide. How might this affect the perception of the country's culture?
It may lead to the cultural practices being deemed outdated.
It could contribute to a homogenized and simplified view of the culture.
It will reduce the global influence of the country's culture.
It will uniformly enhance the country's cultural prestige.
It may create a singular narrative overshadowing other cultural elements.
Question 13
What trend is depicted by the total population line in relation to the birth and death rates in this demographic transition model?
Demographic transition model.
The total population increases sharply as the death rate falls and the birth rate remains high, suggesting early industrial development.
As the death rate declines, the total population remains constant, indicating stable economic development.
The population begins to decline as both birth and death rates drop, typical of post-industrial societies.
The total population growth is exponential regardless of changes in birth and death rates.
Birth and death rates have no significant impact on total population changes.
Question 14
Based on the graph, during which phase of economic/social development is the population likely to experience the highest growth rate?
Demographic transition model.
When both birth and death rates are high.
When the birth rate remains high while the death rate declines.
After the birth rate falls below the death rate.
When the birth rate begins to decline, but the death rate remains high.
When both birth and death rates are low.
Question 15
The dotted projection line for the total population indicates which of the following future trends?
Demographic transition model.
An imminent population decline as a result of birth rates falling below death rates.
A continuous decline in the total population due to high death rates.
The population will oscillate before stabilizing, due to economic or social instability.
The population is expected to stabilize as the death rate and birth rate converge.
An increase in the total population is projected despite declining birth rates.
Question 16
A country is observing a high rate of urban to rural migration. What might be an underlying cause for this counter-urbanization trend?
Collapse of urban infrastructure
Deregulation of rural land ownership
Decrease in agricultural land value
Rural gentrification and agritourism
Improved rural internet and telecommunication services
Question 17
In a rapidly urbanizing city in Asia, traditional wet markets are being replaced by supermarkets and malls. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon?
The influence of Western urban models
Changes in the urban heat island effect
The impact of agricultural revolutions
Shifts in demographic structures
The cultural convergence theory
Question 18
A government is establishing a Special Economic Zone with tax incentives, deregulation, and facilities for export. This is most likely intended to:
Enhance military security
Increase agricultural productivity
Attract foreign direct investment
Implement environmental protections
Promote local arts and culture
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