AP Human Geography Exam - Section II: Free Response

Section II is the free-response portion of the exam. You have 1 hour and 15 minutes to complete Section II. You may use any blank space of the page the questions or documents are printed on to organize your answers and for scratch work, but you must write your answers on the lined pages provided for the free-response questions. The suggested writing time for Question 1, 2, and 3 is 25 minutes each. Open your Section II booklet and begin.

Directions: You have 1 hour and 15 minutes to answer all three of the following questions. It is recommended that you spend approximately one-third of your time (25 minutes) on each question. It is suggested that you take up to 5 minutes of this time to plan and outline each answer. You may use the unlined space below each question for notes. Be sure to write your answers on the lined pages immediately following each question.

Cities in the United States and Canada experience many forces that change the form and character of metropolitan areas. Sometimes the changes are viewed as positive, and sometimes the changes may be seen as negative

Describe an economic force that encourages people to move into metropolitan areas.

Explain ONE reason why suburbanization occurs in the United States and Canada.

Explain ONE reason why gentrification occurs in the United States and Canada.

Compare gentrification and suburbanization in terms of the socioeconomic impacts on an area’s original residents.

Explain how gentrified neighborhoods or areas of New Urbanism redevelopment can affect the larger metropolitan area’s housing economy

Describe a way redevelopment using New Urbanism changes the population density of a city.

Explain ONE reason that people may desire to migrate away from metropolitan areas.

Despite a long period of economic and social integration following reunification, significant social differences still exist across Germany’s Lander. Lander are the individual states within the German federal republic. Three lander are large cities: Berlin, Hamburg, and Bremen.

Identify the type of boundary that delineates the former East Germany and West Germany.

Describe the pattern of unemployment across Germany.

Explain how economic restructuring following the end of communism has resulted in higher unemployment in some lander

Explain the degree to which the legacy of communism and unemployment has affected the pattern of internal migration within Germany.

Describe ONE demographic factor regarding education attainment in Germany that affects international migration into the country.

Describe ONE demographic factor regarding population age in Germany that affects international migration into the country

Describe ONE reason for the occurrence of negative attitudes toward foreign guest workers in Germany.

The graphs show the current status of indigenous languages in the Americas and Africa as tracked since 1970. Vulnerable languages have a decreasing population that speaks the language. Endangered languages have a small number of speakers who are limited to small communities. Critically endangered languages have only a small community of speakers who remain.

Define the term “indigenous language.”

Describe the types of physical regions where indigenous languages are most likely to survive.

Describe how historically the political geography of colonialism affected indigenous languages.

Explain how indigenous languages have been under threat from primary economic activities in the Americas since the 1970s.

Explain the degree to which globalization can explain the loss of indigenous languages in Africa since the 1970s.

Compare the data in the two graphs and explain why indigenous languages are less threatened in Africa than in the Americas.

Citing data in the graphs, explain how media and communications technology can be used to preserve indigenous languages in the Americas.