AP Success - AP Human Geography: Comprehensive Set 9
Question 1
The replacement fertility rate in developed countries is approximately 2.1. Which of the following factors could cause a country with a replacement-level fertility rate to still experience population growth?
An increase in the population's carrying capacity
A high dependency ratio
Decreasing mortality rates among the elderly
Immigration exceeding emigration
A decline in the population's doubling time
Question 2
Which of the following best illustrates the impact of globalization on urban landscapes?
The standardization of suburban development practices worldwide.
The spread of slums on the outskirts of cities in developing countries.
The declining significance of central business districts due to telecommuting.
The emergence of global cities as nodes in the world economy.
The proliferation of ethnic enclaves in megacities reflecting patterns of immigration.
Question 3
The principle of environmental determinism historically suggested that:
Human activities are shaped by cultural traditions rather than environmental conditions.
Cultural landscapes are a result of the interaction between humans and their environment.
Human adaptation to the environment is mediated through technological innovation.
Technological advancements can overcome any environmental constraints.
Geographic environments shape human societies in a deterministic manner.
Question 4
In a diverse society, which urban development pattern would best promote the integration of different cultural groups?
Encouraging the development of single-use areas segregated by cultural activities
Establishing homogeneous residential zones based on income levels
Constructing barriers to limit interaction among different ethnic groups
The creation of a mosaic of ethnic neighborhoods, each with its own infrastructure
Designing mixed-use spaces where cultural facilities are centrally located
Question 5
A nation's demographic transition from stage 2 to stage 3 is often accompanied by which of the following changes in the population pyramid?
A more uniform shape across all age groups
A narrowing of the base and expansion of the middle
A broadening of the base
A pronounced increase in the dependency ratio
A bulge in the population of elderly
Question 6
Devolutionary pressures within a country are most likely to lead to which of the following outcomes?
Strengthening of the central government's power
Fragmentation of the state into smaller autonomous regions or states
Decrease in nationalist sentiment among the population
Increased integration into supranational organizations
Expansion of the state's territory to include neighboring regions
Question 7
A country's government launches a campaign to increase the birth rate in response to an aging population and shrinking workforce. This policy intervention is an attempt to address challenges related to:
The demographic dividend
Population momentum
Urban sprawl
The third stage of the demographic transition model
The second stage of the demographic transition model
Question 8
The concept of "carrying capacity" is most directly related to:
The economic resources available to sustain a country's population.
The maximum population size an environment can sustain without degradation.
The ability of a city's infrastructure to support a growing population.
The number of species that can coexist in a particular habitat.
The spatial extent to which urban development can occur.
Question 9
An inner-city neighborhood with aging infrastructure is witnessing the influx of younger, more affluent residents. This scenario best describes:
Urban sprawl
Urban decay
Suburbanization
Gentrification
Urban renewal
Question 10
The "brain drain" phenomenon can best be mitigated by which of the following strategies in a developing country?
Creating incentives for higher education and research within the country
Increasing tariffs on technological imports
Limiting internet connectivity to reduce exposure to external job markets
Promoting out-migration for higher education
Establishing partnerships with multinational corporations
Question 11
A city with a high degree of connectivity and global financial services is experiencing a rapid increase in real estate prices, making housing unaffordable for many residents. This scenario illustrates the impact of:
Real estate speculation
Urban redevelopment policies
Global city status
Foreign direct investment
Housing bubble economics
Question 12
Which of the following would most likely be an effect of sustained low fertility rates on a nation's healthcare system?
A strain on geriatric care facilities
Redundancy of family planning services
An increase in pediatric services
A decrease in healthcare expenditures
A surplus of healthcare workers
Question 13
An international organization launches a satellite-based program to monitor deforestation in the Amazon rainforest. The program aims to provide real-time data to governments and NGOs to aid in conservation efforts. This initiative is an example of:
Both (C) and (D)
Environmental determinism
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) application
Remote sensing
Geopolitical engineering
Question 14
The concept of "peace walls" in urban areas is designed to reduce conflict between different community groups by physically separating them. While effective in the short term, this approach can have long-term consequences, including:
Leading to the development of shared economic ventures between the communities
Increasing the mobility of individuals between the communities
Reducing the need for law enforcement and military presence in the area
Deepening divisions and reinforcing stereotypes by limiting interactions between the communities
Encouraging greater social integration and harmony between the communities
Question 15
A film from a particular culture becomes a global phenomenon, influencing fashion, language, and behavior around the world. This process is an example of:
Cultural divergence
Cultural imperialism
Cultural convergence
Cultural revitalization
Cultural syncretism
Question 16
An ethnic group in a multinational state seeks greater autonomy and the right to preserve its unique cultural practices. This situation reflects tensions related to:
Centripetal forces
Cultural assimilation
Nationalism
Multilingualism
Centrifugal forces
Question 17
Given the increasing concerns over climate change and its impact on global economies, a country with a significant portion of its GDP derived from fossil fuel exports begins to explore sustainable energy sources. In the context of global economic development trends and environmental sustainability, which of the following approaches would most likely ensure long-term economic stability and growth for the country?
Maintaining current levels of fossil fuel exports while offsetting carbon emissions through international carbon credit trading.
Collaborating with multinational corporations to develop geoengineering solutions that allow continued fossil fuel use.
Diversifying the economy by developing the service sector, particularly focusing on eco-tourism and digital services.
Increasing fossil fuel production to capitalize on current demand while investing in nuclear energy as a transitional power source.
Investing heavily in renewable energy technologies and infrastructure while gradually reducing dependence on fossil fuel exports.
Question 18
The "digital divide" impacts geographical inequality by:
Reducing differences in income and employment opportunities across regions.
Enhancing connectivity and access to information in rural areas.
Exacerbating disparities between individuals with and without access to digital technologies.
Promoting equal access to education and healthcare through telemedicine and online learning.
Facilitating the global spread of cultures and ideas, leading to cultural homogenization.
Question 19
In regions experiencing water scarcity, the shift from flood irrigation to drip irrigation systems primarily aims to:
Increase water runoff to adjacent non-agricultural lands
Encourage the growth of water-intensive crops like rice and cotton
Promote the use of saline water in irrigation
Enhance the area of land that can be cultivated with limited water resources
Reduce the labor intensity of traditional irrigation methods
Question 20
The push for biofuels has led to changes in agricultural land use by:
Decreasing the amount of land devoted to food crops in favor of energy crops
Reducing deforestation rates in tropical regions
Diminishing the global carbon footprint of agriculture
Increasing the diversity of crops within polyculture systems
Encouraging the expansion of organic farming practices
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