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Biotechnology Development FRQ (From AP Classroom)

Since the 1980s, the northeastern United States has developed into a major global center of high-technology industry that specializes in the medical field

Source 1

MAJOR MEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE REGION

Source 2

SELECTED TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AREAS IN THE MEDICAL FIELD

Question 1

Short answer

Describe the spatial pattern of the companies and institutions shown in the inset map.

Question 2

Short answer

Describe the concept of a growth pole.

Question 3

Short answer

Explain ONE way education infrastructure affects a region’s potential for high-technology development.

Question 4

Short answer

Explain how the pattern shown on the map resembles the multiple-nuclei city model.

Question 5

Short answer

Explain ONE way local economic changes may be a result of deindustrialization.

Question 6

Short answer

Explain how the products and services listed in the table demonstrate that this economy has moved into the quaternary sector.

Question 7

Short answer

The map focuses on a regional scale. Explain a possible limitation of drawing country scale conclusions from a regional scale map.

Human Geography

9th grade

Advanced Placement

Unit

Unit 7: Industrial and Economic Development Patterns and Processes

Topic

7.2 Economic Sectors and Patterns

Format

Short answer

Short answer rubric

Biotechnology Development FRQ (From AP Classroom)

· Correct answers for question a must describe the spatial pattern of the companies and institutions shown in the inset map in 1-2 sentences.
· Correct answers for question a must mention 'Agglomeration of similar economic activities'.
· Correct answers for question a must mention 'Cluster or clustering of similar economic activities'.
· Correct answers for question a must mention 'The concentration of similar activities along transportation routes'.
· Correct answers for question a must mention 'There is a concentration of similar economic activities within a metropolitan area in Massachusetts'.
· Correct answers for question b must describe the concept of a growth pole in 1-2 sentences.
· Correct answers for question b must mention 'A location where research, development, and/or innovation generate new products and/or services'.
· Correct answers for question b must mention 'An institution where scientific discoveries, inventions, and/or innovations create new economic opportunities'.
· Correct answers for question b must mention 'An area where new businesses start up and/or businesses locate to participate in the emerging market and/or attract investment for a new product and/or service'.
· Correct answers for question b must mention 'An area where new businesses start up and/or businesses locate to access a specifically skilled or educated pool of labor'.
· Correct answers for question b must mention 'An area designated by a government to facilitate economic activity for a specific purpose'.
· Correct answers for question c must explain one way education infrastructure affects a region’s potential for high-technology development in 2-4 sentences.
· Correct answers for question c must mention 'Graduates of educational institutions can promote regional economic development'.
· Correct answers for question c must mention 'Educational institutions can develop a labor force with specialized capabilities'.
· Correct answers for question c must mention 'Educational institutions can sponsor research for new high-technology products and/or services'.
· Correct answers for question c must mention 'Public investment in technical or specialized worker training may divert funds from other community programs'.
· Correct answers for question c must mention 'Lack of educational infrastructure can negatively affect a region’s potential for high-technology development'.
· Correct answers for question d must explain how the pattern on the map resembles the multiple nuclei city model in 1-2 sentences.
· Correct answers for question d must mention 'The region has multiple development centers'.
· Correct answers for question d must mention 'The pattern of business development is decentralized'.
· Correct answers for question d must mention 'The region has a circumferential, circular, belt, or radial highway pattern'.
· Correct answers for question d must mention 'The region contains several highway intersections that serve as nodes'.
· Correct answers for question e must explain one way local economic changes may be a result of deindustrialization in 2-4 sentences.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Deindustrialization may cause the local economy to shift from a manufacturing to a service and/or technology-based economy'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Outsourcing of manufacturing jobs to other countries can lead to a decline in local employment levels'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Increased unemployment in the CBD, declining investment, and/or declining real estate values may result from the loss of manufacturing firms'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Increases in the local use of post-Fordist methods of production by manufacturing firms can indicate a response to deindustrialization'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'GNI per capita in the area may decrease as local people lose employment in manufacturing'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Unemployment rates or underemployment may increase as local people lose employment in manufacturing'.
· Correct answers for question e must mention 'Cities and communities may see decreased tax revenues because of higher unemployment and/or a decrease in population'.
· Correct answers for question f must explain how the products and services listed in the table demonstrate that this economy has moved into the quaternary sector in 1-3 sentences.
· Correct answers for question f must mention 'The high-technology nature of the products and services listed demonstrates that the economy has moved into the quaternary sector'.
· Correct answers for question f must mention 'The products and services rely on the knowledge and/or intellectual capabilities of the firms, institutions, and/or workforce'.
· Correct answers for question f must mention 'The products and services are the outcomes of a highly educated, specialized, and/or creative class of employees'.
· Correct answers for question f must mention 'The products and services are dependent on the use of information technology for firms, institutions and/or the workforce to be more productive, efficient, and/or cost-effective'.
· Correct answers for question g must explain a possible limitation of drawing country scale conclusions from a regional scale map in 2-4 sentences.
· Correct answers for question g must mention 'Attempts to analyze research data from one scale to make claims about another scale may be inaccurate due to the change in scale’s effect on spatial analysis'.
· Correct answers for question g must mention 'Making research assumptions from map data at one scale to make claims about another scale, may result in an incorrect calculation or an ecological fallacy due to the change in scale'.
· Correct answers for question g must mention 'The region can be specialized in a sector or type of production that is different from the economic sectors or production types found in other regions of the country'.
· Correct answers for question g must mention 'The region can have a long and continuing tradition of valuable or productive sectors that are very different from the changing mix of economic sectors that characterize the country’s economy'.

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