LT 11.1 Interpreting Cladograms and Evolutionary Relationships
In this assignment, you will analyze a cladogram and a character table to answer questions about evolutionary relationships among different animals. Use the provided diagram and table to support your answers. Be sure to read each question carefully and refer to the diagram as needed.
Group 1
Use the cladogram and character table to answer the following questions about evolutionary relationships.
The Character table (a) provides information on which characteristics (traits) that each taxa (category) of animal has.
The cladogram (b) shows the evolutionary relationships between the six taxa (categories) of animals.
Question 1a
Which of the following animals is most closely related to the leopard according to the cladogram?
Turtle
Salamander
Tuna
Lamprey
Question 1b
Which characteristic is shared by all animals except the lancelet (outgroup)?
Vertebral column (backbone)
Jaws
Four walking legs
Amniotic (shelled) egg
Question 1c
Based on the cladogram, which characteristic evolved just before the appearance of the salamander?
Question 1d
Explain why the lamprey is less closely related to the turtle than the salamander is, according to the cladogram.
Question 1e
If a new animal is discovered that has jaws and four walking legs, but does not have an amniotic egg or hair, where would it most likely fit on this cladogram? Briefly explain your reasoning.
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