Crone Islam and Politics Secondary SAQ 1 (AP Classroom)

"As medieval Muslims saw it, government was the inseparable companion of [religion].... It is this starting point that gives Muslims political thought so different a character from that of its counterpart in the West.... The Muslims started with [this] conviction: [religious] truth and [political] power appeared at the same times in history and regulated the same aspects of life, more precisely all of them.... [By contrast], in medieval Europe, where religious authority and political power were embodied in different institutions, the disagreement over their relationship took the form of a protracted controversy over the relationship between church and state.  But in the [Muslim world], religious authority and political power were embodied in a single multi-purpose institution."