AP Success - AP World History: Decolonization in Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh, Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, September 2, 1945"We are convinced that the Allied nations which at Tehran and San Francisco have acknowledged the principles of self-determination and equality of nations, will not refuse to acknowledge the independence of Vietnam.A people who have courageously opposed French domination for more than eight years, a people who have fought side by side with the Allies against the Fascists during these last years, such a people must be free and independent.5For these reasons, we, members of the Provisional Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, solemnly declare to the world that Vietnam has the right to be a free and independent country—and in fact is so already. The entire Vietnamese people are determined to mobilize all their physical and mental strength, to sacrifice their lives and property in order to safeguard their independence and liberty.10"
Question 1
Which of the following best describes the context in which Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam's independence?
In the midst of the Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Following the Vietnamese victory in the First Indochina War against France.
During the peak of European imperial expansion in the late 19th century.
The aftermath of World War II, when colonial subjects sought to assert their independence.
Question 2
The reference to the Allied nations' principles at Tehran and San Francisco indicates that the Vietnamese leaders were trying to:
Highlight the hypocrisy of the Allied nations in denying Vietnam its independence.
Appeal to the international community's commitment to self-determination and equality of nations.
Convince the Allied nations to establish a new colonial regime in Vietnam.
Request military assistance from the Allied nations to fight against French colonial forces.
Question 3
The 'eight years' of opposition to French domination mentioned in the source most directly refers to:
The resistance against French colonial rule leading up to and during World War II.
The eight years preceding the establishment of French Indochina in 1887.
The period of the First Indochina War from 1946 to 1954.
The duration of the Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War.
Question 4
The mention of fighting 'side by side with the Allies against the Fascists' is an example of:
A declaration of Vietnam's intention to join NATO and the Western Bloc during the Cold War.
An acknowledgment of Vietnam's role in the defeat of Axis powers in Europe.
A diplomatic move to secure a position in the United Nations.
Vietnamese efforts to align themselves with the victors of World War II to legitimize their claim to independence.
Question 5
The primary purpose of this Declaration of Independence was to:
Outline the terms of Vietnam's surrender to French colonial forces.
Establish a framework for democratic governance and elections in Vietnam.
Announce the formation of a communist government in Vietnam.
Proclaim Vietnam's status as a sovereign nation and rally domestic and international support for this claim.
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