Classical Greece and Roman Republic Quiz
Use the stimulus sources provided to answer the following questions.
Group 1
Source 1.1
Our constitution is called a democracy because power is in the hands not of a minority but of the whole people. When it is a question of settling private disputes, everyone is equal before the law; when it is a question of putting one person before another in positions of public responsibility, what counts is not membership of a particular class, but the actual ability which the man possesses.
Excerpt from Pericles’ Funeral Oration (431 BCE)
Question 1a
Which of the following best describes the political system Pericles is referring to in the excerpt?
Question 1b
The political system described in the excerpt was most closely associated with which Greek city-state?
Question 1c
What was one limitation of the Athenian democracy described by Pericles?
Group 2
Source 2.1
The map shows Athens as the leader of the Delian League, with city-states across the Aegean Sea contributing ships, soldiers, and money to a shared defense force.
Source 2.2
Question 2a
What was the primary purpose of the Delian League?
Question 2b
How did Athens’ leadership of the Delian League contribute to tensions with other Greek city-states?
Group 3
Source 3.1
The Roman constitution has three elements: the rule of the Consuls, the Senate, and the People. Each has its own share in the government. The Consuls command the armies, the Senate controls the treasury and foreign affairs, and the People decide on laws and elect magistrates.
Polybius, Histories
Question 3a
What does Polybius’s description of the Roman constitution suggest about its political structure?
Question 3b
What key feature of the Roman Republic allowed the People to participate in government, as described in the excerpt?
Group 4
Source 4.1
Tiberius Gracchus proposed a law that no one should hold more than 500 iugera of public land, and that the surplus should be distributed to the poor. This angered the wealthy, who saw it as an attack on their property. When Tiberius sought re-election as tribune, a group of senators, armed with clubs and stones, attacked and killed him. Later, his brother Gaius attempted similar reforms, but he too was met with fierce opposition and violence from the Senate.
Plutarch, Life of Tiberius Gracchus
Question 4a
What do the deaths of the Gracchi brothers reveal about the Roman Republic?
Question 4b
The reforms proposed by the Gracchi brothers were most directly opposed by which group in Roman society?
Question 4c
What broader trend in Roman politics is reflected in the violent deaths of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus?
Question 5
Explain one significant difference between the governments of two Greek city-states.
Question 6
Explain one significant way Alexander the Great's conquests affected the cultures of the regions he conquered.
Question 7
Explain one way social conflict during the Roman Republic led to reforms, such as the Twelve Tables.
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