NYS Global History Regents Exam: ENDURING ISSUES ESSAY January 2024

Question 1

Essay

This question is based on the accompanying documents. The question is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. As you analyze the documents, take into account the source of each document and any point of view that may be presented in the document. Identify and explain an enduring issue raised by this set of documents. Argue why the issue you selected is significant and how it has endured across time using your knowledge of social studies and evidence from the documents.

Source 1.1

I am not a criminal, because I destroyed that which was evil. I think that I am good. ... I am a Yugoslav nationalist and I believe in the unification of all South Slavs in whatever form of state and that it be free of Austria. ... By means of terror. ... That means in general to destroy from above, to do away with those who obstruct and do evil, who stand in the way of the idea of unification. ... Still another principal motive was revenge for all torments which Austria imposed upon the people. ... It was the opinion that Austria behaved badly to our people, which is true, and certainly that she (Austria) is not necessary. ...

W. A. Dolph Owings, The Sarajevo Trial, Vol. I, Documentary Publications, 1984

Source 1.2

We believe that it is the inalienable right of the Indian people, as of any other people, to have freedom and to enjoy the fruits of their toil and have the necessities of life, so that they may have full opportunities of growth. ... The British Government in India has not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but has based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally, and spiritually. ... Politically, India’s status has never been so reduced as under the British regime. ... Culturally, the system of education has torn us from our moorings [beliefs], and our training has made us hug the very chains that bind us. ...

Jawaharlal Nehru: An Autobiography, Bodley Head, 1942

Source 1.3

This poster commemorates the Freedom Charter meeting held in Soweto, South Africa, on June 25 and 26, 1955. The South African Congress Alliance adopted the Charter on June 26, 1955. * Africa Mayibuye means 'Bring Back Africa.' It was a slogan used during the struggle in Southern Africa.

Source 1.4

The Khmer Rouge immediately ordered everyone to leave major cities, even persons in hospital beds. They killed anyone who hesitated. About 2.5 million men, women, and children were marched into the countryside to create an entirely new society. One million died of starvation, beatings, overwork, or from being buried alive. ... It appears today that the Khmer Rouge leader, Pol Pot, believed his country would not work properly until he stamped out all foreign influence. ...

David K. Wright, War in Vietnam, Book IV–Fall of Vietnam, Childrens Press, 1989

Source 1.5

The Hutu extremists, most of them members or supporters of the ruling party, produced a set of Ten Commandments that dictated how Hutus should treat their Tutsi neighbours. ... This last injunction [order] was to be obeyed by thousands of Hutu peasants when the genocide began. The theology of hate espoused [supported] by the extremists was remarkably similar to that of the Nazis in their campaign against the Jews prior to the outbreak of the Second World War. ...

Christina Fisanick, ed., The Rwanda Genocide, Opposing View Points Series, Thomson Gale, 2004

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