AP Success - AP European History: European Witchcraft
Question VI
Concerning Witches who copulate with Devils. Why is it that Women are chiefly addicted to Evil superstitions?
a As for the first question, why a greater number of witches is found in the fragile feminine sex than among men; it is indeed a fact that it were idle to contradict, since it is accredited by actual experience, apart from the verbal testimony of credibly witnesses. . .
Now the wickedness of women is spoken of in Ecclesiasticus xxv: There is no head above the head of a serpent: and there is no wrath above the wrath of a woman. I had rather dwell with a lion and a dragon than to keep house with a wicked woman. And among much which in that place precedes and follows about a wicked woman, he concludes: All wickedness is but little to the wickedness of a woman. . .
There are also others who bring forward yet other reasons, of which preachers should be very careful how they make use. For it is true that in the Old Testament the Scriptures have much that is evil to say about women, and this because of the first temptress, Eve, and her imitators; yet afterwards in the New Testament we find a change of name, as from Eva to Ave (as S. Jerome says), and the whole sin of Eve taken away by the benediction of Mary. Therefore preachers should always say as much praise of them as possible. . .
Therefore a wicked woman is by her nature quicker to waver in her faith, and consequently quicker to abjure the faith, which is the root of witchcraft.
Malleus Maleficarum Part 1
Question 1
Identify one reason women become witches described in the excerpt.
Question 2
Describe one way the excerpt reflects the policies of church authorities between 1450 and 1650.
Question 3
Explain one way how economic developments influenced the witchcraft craze in Europe between 1450 and 1650.
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