Argumentative Essay--Arming Teachers

Article 1: These schools say arming teachers 'can be done right' By Nicole Chavez 

     Arming teachers may be a "terrible" or even a "ridiculous" idea to critics, but some teachers across the country already bring guns to school.

5

     In the wake of the Florida school shooting, the debate over whether teachers should carry guns in class has intensified. President Donald Trump is proposing bonuses for educators who undergo gun training. State lawmakers are beginning to consider legislation while school officials are pushing for an increase in classroom resources but not guns.

     State laws related to guns in schools vary by state and although many only apply to college campuses, some states give teachers with concealed carry permits the ability to have guns on the grounds of K-12 schools, according to the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.

     Here's a look at some of the states where teachers and other school staff are willing to carry their weapons. 

'The best thing to protect the children'

10

    After the Sandy Hook shooting, a school district in Arkansas wanted to hire an extra full-time security guard but couldn't afford it. Instead, they trained more than a dozen teachers and staff members as armed guards.

For nearly four years, the Clarksville School District -- about 100 miles northwest of Little Rock -- has had teachers, janitors, computer technicians and other staff members ready to respond in the case of a shooting, CNN affiliate KARK reported.

     "Every second that ticks by is a possibility of a life lost. What we've gathered from this is that it can be done, it can be done right," David Hopkins CNN affiliate KFSM.

     Hiring one school resource officer would have cost the district about $50,000 a year. The district spent at least $68,000 training about 13 staff members when the program began, Hopkins told KFSM.

     For Jim Krohn, a social studies teacher at Clarksville Junior High who volunteered to be one of the officers, the program is a good deterrent.

15

     "If we didn't do this and somebody came into this building or any of our school buildings and harmed children, it would be hard to go to sleep that night thinking what else could I have done and at least we've done what we think is the best thing to protect the children of Clarksville school district," Krohn told KFTA.

A 'fighting chance'

     Teachers and other staff members are becoming "school sentinels" in South Dakota to protect students.

Since a state law passed in 2013, at least two school districts in the state have launched a "school sentinel program," which allows the arming of school employees, security guards or volunteers.

20

     School administrators say they trust law enforcement but they are too far away. If a shooting takes place, they say school employees would "have a fighting chance."

     "We're over 20 minutes from any police force being able to respond to an event, so with that in mind is one of the reasons why we decided to move forward," Ryan Bruns, the Northwestern Area School District superintendent told CNN affiliate KPRY.

     Before carrying a firearm on campus, staff members undergo at least 80 hours of use of force, weapons proficiency, legal aspects and first aid classes. They also have to be approved by the school board and a law enforcement agency.

And if parents are against the program, they can put the issue to a voter referendum. So far, there have been no complaints.

     "I trust that the teachers and the faculty there all have our children's best interest at heart. They're from the community and the surrounding community and it doesn't concern me at all," Kevin Hansen, whose three children go to the Tri-Valley School District -- about 25 miles northwest of Sioux Falls --- told CNN affiliate KELO.

25

'I feel really safe'

     In Texas, students in the Callisburg Independent School District say they feel safer knowing their teachers can protect them if the unthinkable happens.

     About four years ago the district, which is about 85 miles north of Dallas, started what's known as the "guardian" program: a small force of volunteer school staff allowed to carry a concealed firearm on school grounds, said school superintendent Steve Clugston.

     "We'll do whatever's necessary to protect our kids and staff," Clugston told CNN. "We don't want to be at the mercy of somebody that's intent on doing harm." 

30

     Clugston says the school's guardian force completes active shooter scenario training once a year and routinely takes target practice at gun ranges.

     Callisburg is among at least 70 public school districts in Texas that let teachers and administrators carry concealed weapons on school grounds. There are more than 1,000 school districts in the states.

     Around the country, community members have opposed the idea of arming teachers but in some rural towns in Texas, students are welcoming it.

     "I feel really safe, knowing that, I can come to school and if there's an incident that does happen that they'll be able to protect us," said a student at Callisburg High School who didn't want to be named.

35

Teacher discharged gun in restroom

    For more than 15 years, Utah educators have been able to bring their guns to schools. The state's concealed weapons law allows any person with a permit to have a weapon inside a school.

     School officials have said that only a small fraction do it, but they can't tell with certainty.

     If the teachers do have a loaded gun, their principals, school districts, and local police departments wouldn't even know because given they don't have to report it and they can't asked them, according to a state law.

In recent years, no fatal incidents involving teachers with guns in schools have been reported, but in 2014 an elementary school teacher discharged her concealed firearm when she went into the faculty restroom of a Taylorsville, Utah school, CNN affiliate KSLreported.

40

     The teacher removed her handgun and when she attempted to holster it, the gun went off, striking the toilet.

She was charged with a misdemeanor charge of discharging a firearm in city limits. She pleaded no contest and was ordered to take a firearms safety course in order to get the case dismissed.

Article 2: Arming Teachers Introduces New Risks Into Schools by Everytown for Gun Safety

Introduction 

During the 2023–2024 school year, there were 49 deaths from gunfire on US school grounds and an additional 116 injuries. Parents, educators, and schoolchildren alike are frightened by the gun violence occurring in American schools and are seeking meaningful action to keep our communities safe. Lawmakers and schools are responding with a range of solutions—including the idea that arming teachers and school staff will make our schools safe. Decades of study of school shooting incidents and law enforcement responses, however, tell us that an armed teacher cannot, in a moment of extreme duress and confusion, be expected to transform into a specially trained law enforcement officer. An armed teacher is much more likely to shoot a student bystander or be shot by responding law enforcement than to be an effective solution to an active shooter in a school. 

5

Further, those closest to these solutions oppose arming teachers. That includes the nation’s two largest teachers’ organizations, representing millions of educators and staff—the American Federation of Teachers and the National Education Association. And it includes the National Association of School Resource Officers, which opposes arming teachers due to the risk it poses to law enforcement and the armed teachers themselves. Furthermore, the former president and executive director of the Major Cities Chiefs Association, representing 75 police forces from large cities in the United States and Canada, agree that arming teachers is “not a good idea.” 

Instead, we need evidence-based solutions that address underlying causes of school gun violence and that prevent guns from coming into schools in the first place. 

Key Points 

10

1. Teachers cannot and should not be expected to perform the job of trained law enforcement. 

The notion of a “highly trained” teacher armed with a gun is a myth. Law enforcement officers across the country receive an average of 840 hours of basic training, including 168 hours of training on weapons, self-defense, and the use of force. In states that have laws aimed at arming school personnel, school staff receive significantly less training. In some of these states, no minimum training is required for armed school staff whatsoever. 

Even the most highly trained law enforcement officers in the country see their ability to shoot accurately decrease significantly in an active shooter situation. 

15

In a study of the Dallas Police Department from 2003 to 2017, only 54 percent of firearm discharge events in an armed confrontation resulted in hits. Similar findings were reported by the Metropolitan Police Department in Las Vegas, where hit rate accuracy with a suspect ranged from 23 percent to 52 percent between 2008 and 2015. 

These odds are undoubtedly lower for a schoolteacher with far less training and experience, leaving everyone around them exposed to the potential for grievous harm. Further, arming staff members can lead to chaos and confusion for law enforcement upon arrival, including enormous risk for an armed staff member. 

In states like Tennessee where arming teachers bills have passed, some major school districts have proactively rejected arming teachers and school staff. The Knox County Board of Education has asserted that law enforcement officers are better equipped to ensure school security and that introducing firearms into educational environments poses significant safety risks and detracts from the learning environment. 

20

2. Asking teachers to potentially take the life of a current or former student is unrealistic. 

Aside from the technical ability of an armed teacher to shoot accurately under extreme conditions, legislators must confront a harsh reality regarding those who typically perpetrate school shootings: they are most likely to be current or former students. An Everytown analysis of the New York City Police Department’s report on active shooter incidents in K–12 schools over five decades found that in three in four of these incidents, the shooter or shooters were current or former students. Similarly, researchers found that in the six mass school shootings and 39 attempted mass school shootings in the two decades between 1999 and 2019, more than 9 in 10 shooters were current or former students at the school. Expecting teachers to take the life of a current or former student in such circumstances is both unrealistic and dangerous.

3. Arming teachers jeopardizes trusting school environments, which are essential for ensuring school safety. 

We have all seen in the aftermath of school shootings that students too often come forward to say they knew a student was in crisis and had access to firearms. Yet in so many cases, no adult was warned. Why? Several steps we are taking in the name of safety—including costly technology that creates a fortress-like environment and repeated drills—chip away at the nurturing, trusting climate students need both for productive learning and for students’ willingness to ask an adult for help and to report destructive thoughts and behaviors. Armed teachers further undermine this emotionally safe school climate.

25

4. Arming teachers introduces new liability risks. 

When several districts in Kansas sought to arm teachers, insurance companies informed them that they would not insure such a dangerous practice. Further, school policies may expose teachers to criminal liability in the event policies are not consistent with state law. It is also unlikely that insurance companies would indemnify schools from monetary claims in these cases.