Unit 1: Scientific Foundations of Psychology - Article-Analysis Question 3

Play is essential for children's development, offering opportunities for physical, social, and cognitive growth. Inclusive playgrounds are specifically designed to provide accessible play environments for children of all abilities. This study aimed to observe how children use an inclusive playground and whether these spaces promote equitable play among children with and without disabilities.

Participants: A total of 1,332 observations were made over eight days in a playground designed for inclusivity. The research was approved by a local university’s Institutional Review Board. Children observed ranged in age, though the majority (96%) appeared to be under 12 years old. A nearly equal number of boys (48%) and girls (52%) participated, with some observed engaging in activities designed for sensory stimulation or physical activity. Only one child with a visible disability was noted, highlighting a potential area for further research into how inclusive playgrounds are used by children with various needs.

Method: The researchers used the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) to measure park users' physical activity. Observers recorded data on children's age, gender, play behaviors, social interactions, and activity levels. Play behaviors were categorized as either functional (e.g., climbing, swinging) or non-active. Social interactions were noted as child-to-child or child-to-adult, with functional play being the most common behavior observed (80-88%).

Results and Discussions: The study found that inclusive playgrounds are predominantly used by children without disabilities, with 71% of children engaged in active play. Functional play behaviors like climbing and swinging were the most frequent, while dramatic play occurred less than 10% of the time. The playground supported diverse play opportunities, but the low engagement of children with visible disabilities suggests a need for further research. Future studies could investigate how children with non-visible disabilities interact with inclusive play environments.

Identify the research method used in the study.

States a measurable or quantifiable definition of the identified variable used in the study.

Accurately describe the identified statistic in relation to the study.

Identify at least one ethical guideline applied by the researchers.

Explain the extent to which the study is generalizable using specific and relevant evidence referencing participant variables from the study.

Identify the results of the study and how those results relate to the original purpose of the research.