AP Success - AP Psychology: Comprehensive Set 3
Question 1
The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli is known as:
Cannon-Bard theory
Two-factor theory
James-Lange theory
Papez circuit theory
Cognitive appraisal theory
Question 2
A child's realization that others may have beliefs, desires, and intentions that are different from one's own is most indicative of:
Assimilation
Theory of mind
Object permanence
Egocentrism
Conservation
Question 3
The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words, is known as:
Olfactory encoding
Tactile encoding
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Question 4
Which of the following is an example of a projective test?
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
The Raven's Progressive Matrices
The Rorschach inkblot test
The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Question 5
According to Carl Rogers, three conditions are necessary to promote growth in personality. These include genuineness, acceptance, and:
Assertiveness
Self-esteem
Motivation
Empathy
Cognitive restructuring
Question 6
The concept of the "looking-glass self" suggests that:
Personality development is independent of social influence
Our self-concept is a direct cause of our social behavior
Our behavior mirrors our internal thought processes
We see ourselves as we believe others perceive us
Self-awareness is a product of social interactions
Question 7
Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with the regulation of emotion?
Frontal lobe
Amygdala
Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Hippocampus
Question 8
In the context of operant conditioning, negative reinforcement:
Is the punishment by the introduction of an unpleasant stimulus
Decreases the likelihood of a behavior by introducing an unpleasant stimulus
Increases the likelihood of a behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus
Has no effect on the frequency of a behavior
Is the punishment by the removal of a desirable stimulus
Question 9
The gestalt principle that refers to our tendency to fill in the gaps to create a complete, whole object is known as:
Closure
Similarity
Symmetry
Continuity
Proximity
Question 10
The "Mozart effect" refers to the finding that:
Exposure to music at a young age enhances linguistic abilities
Children who learn to play a musical instrument have higher general intelligence
Listening to Mozart's music can temporarily increase spatial intelligence
Classical music improves long-term memory retention
Listening to music while studying improves concentration
Question 11
A token economy represents what kind of therapeutic approach?
Cognitive therapy
Gestalt therapy
Psychoanalysis
Humanistic therapy
Behavioral therapy
Question 12
In attribution theory, the tendency to attribute others' behavior to their dispositions while ignoring situational influences is referred to as:
The self-serving bias
The just-world hypothesis
The fundamental attribution error
The actor-observer bias
The availability heuristic
Question 13
Research on the effectiveness of different learning styles (auditory, visual, kinesthetic) has most consistently shown that:
Auditory learners are better at languages and music
Kinesthetic learners have an advantage in most educational settings
Visual learners are more likely to excel in subjects like math and science
Students learn best when teaching styles are matched to their learning styles
The concept of learning styles is a myth; people learn equally well regardless of teaching method
Question 14
The ability to adjust already developed schemas to include new information is known as:
Accommodation
Cognitive dissonance
Conservation
Assimilation
Equilibration
Question 15
Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
Standard deviation
Variance
Mean
Range
Correlation
Question 16
The Stanford prison experiment conducted by Philip Zimbardo illustrated the:
Impact of authoritarian parenting on child development
Effects of role-playing on attitudes
Consequences of deindividuation in groups
Influence of conformity on decision-making
Power of cognitive dissonance in attitude change
Question 17
The development of a conditioned emotional response to a previously neutral stimulus is most directly related to:
The law of effect
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning theory
Observational learning
Question 18
The Flynn effect refers to the observation that:
Creativity cannot be accurately measured by IQ tests
IQ scores are stable throughout a person's life
Emotional intelligence is a better predictor of life success than traditional IQ
IQ scores have been increasing over the past century
Intelligence is more influenced by genetics than environment
Question 19
A psychologist using the method of naturalistic observation would most likely:
Study the behavior of people or animals in their natural environments
Conduct an in-depth study of a single subject
Use tests and questionnaires to measure psychological variables
Manipulate variables to determine cause and effect
Observe behavior in a controlled laboratory setting
Question 20
The availability heuristic refers to our tendency to:
Prefer information that confirms our preexisting beliefs
Make judgments about the frequency of events based on their vividness and emotional impact
Overestimate the accuracy of our judgments and decisions
Judge the likelihood of an event based on how easily we can recall examples of it
Assume that if something is more available in memory, it must be important
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