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Sleep

1. Sarah, a high school senior, is conducting a research project for her AP Psychology class. She is interested in studying the effects of caffeine on sleep patterns. She recruits a group of 20 students from her school who agree to participate in her study. Sarah randomly assigns the participants to two groups. Half of the participants are given a cup of coffee to drink one hour before bedtime, while the other half are given a cup of decaffeinated coffee. Sarah instructs all participants to keep a sleep diary for a week.  
Based on the scenario described, how is Sarah using each of the following concepts in her research project?
1a. Independent Variable
1b. Control group
1c. Random assignment
1d. Operational definition for the dependent variable

2. After a week, Sarah begins to analyze the sleep diaries. She notices that the students who drank caffeinated coffee reported more instances of waking up during the night. Some of them also reported experiencing vivid dreams and restlessness. Sarah also notices that these students tended to wake up earlier than those who drank decaffeinated coffee. 
Based on the scenario described, how do each of the following concepts explain the students' experiences?
2e. REM sleep
2f. Sleep deprivation
2g. Psychoactive drugs

Question 1

Short answer
Independent variable

Question 2

Short answer
Control group

Question 3

Short answer
Random assignment

Question 4

Short answer
Operational definition for the dependent variable

Question 5

Short answer
REM sleep

Question 6

Short answer
Sleep deprivation

Question 7

Short answer
Psychoactive drugs

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