Understanding the Resting Membrane Potential of Neurons

Group 1

• -70 mV

• 0 mV

• +30 mV

• -90 mV

• Potassium (K+)

• Sodium (Na+)

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Chloride (Cl-)

• It actively transports 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ into the neuron.

• It passively allows Na+ and K+ to move across the membrane.

• It transports equal amounts of Na+ and K+ across the membrane.

• It only transports Na+ into the neuron.

• Negatively charged proteins inside the cell

• High concentration of Na+ inside the cell

• Equal distribution of ions across the membrane

• Chloride ions moving out of the cell

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Goldman equation

• Nernst equation

• Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

• Michaelis-Menten equation

• Potassium (K+)

• Sodium (Na+)

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Chloride (Cl-)

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Concentration gradients of ions

• Membrane permeability to ions

• Active transport mechanisms

• Temperature of the neuron

• The presence of large anions that cannot cross the membrane

• The influx of sodium ions

• The efflux of calcium ions

• The influx of chloride ions

• Potassium (K+)

• Sodium (Na+)

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Chloride (Cl-)

• The membrane potential would gradually become less negative.

• The membrane potential would become more negative.

• There would be no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential would become positive immediately.

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Potassium (K+)

• Sodium (Na+)

• Chloride (Cl-)

• It sets the stage for action potentials by maintaining a negative charge inside the neuron.

• It prevents ions from moving across the membrane.

• It makes the neuron impermeable to all ions.

• It depolarizes the neuron to threshold.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Leak potassium channels

• Voltage-gated sodium channels

• Ligand-gated chloride channels

• Voltage-gated calcium channels

• Concentration gradient

• Electrical gradient

• Osmotic pressure

• Chemical gradient

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• High K+ inside, high Na+ outside

• High Na+ inside, high K+ outside

• Equal Na+ and K+ inside and outside

• High Cl- inside, high Ca2+ outside

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• It is a dynamic equilibrium of ion movements.

• It is a static state with no ion movement.

• It is solely dependent on sodium ions.

• It is maintained by passive diffusion alone.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• There is no change in the membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Sodium (Na+)

• Potassium (K+)

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Chloride (Cl-)

• There is little to no effect on the resting membrane potential.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.

• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• To maintain a stable environment for neuronal signaling.

• To generate action potentials spontaneously.

• To prevent ion movement across the membrane.

• To equalize ion concentrations inside and outside the neuron.