Understanding the Resting Membrane Potential of Neurons

Group 1

• -70 mV
• 0 mV
• +30 mV
• -90 mV

• Potassium (K+)
• Sodium (Na+)
• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

• It actively transports 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ into the neuron.
• It passively allows Na+ and K+ to move across the membrane.
• It transports equal amounts of Na+ and K+ across the membrane.
• It only transports Na+ into the neuron.

• Negatively charged proteins inside the cell
• High concentration of Na+ inside the cell
• Equal distribution of ions across the membrane
• Chloride ions moving out of the cell

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Goldman equation
• Nernst equation
• Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
• Michaelis-Menten equation

• Potassium (K+)
• Sodium (Na+)
• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Concentration gradients of ions
• Membrane permeability to ions
• Active transport mechanisms
• Temperature of the neuron

• The presence of large anions that cannot cross the membrane
• The influx of sodium ions
• The efflux of calcium ions
• The influx of chloride ions

• Potassium (K+)
• Sodium (Na+)
• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

• The membrane potential would gradually become less negative.
• The membrane potential would become more negative.
• There would be no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential would become positive immediately.

• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Potassium (K+)
• Sodium (Na+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

• It sets the stage for action potentials by maintaining a negative charge inside the neuron.
• It prevents ions from moving across the membrane.
• It makes the neuron impermeable to all ions.
• It depolarizes the neuron to threshold.

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Leak potassium channels
• Voltage-gated sodium channels
• Ligand-gated chloride channels
• Voltage-gated calcium channels

• Concentration gradient
• Electrical gradient
• Osmotic pressure
• Chemical gradient

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• High K+ inside, high Na+ outside
• High Na+ inside, high K+ outside
• Equal Na+ and K+ inside and outside
• High Cl- inside, high Ca2+ outside

• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• It is a dynamic equilibrium of ion movements.
• It is a static state with no ion movement.
• It is solely dependent on sodium ions.
• It is maintained by passive diffusion alone.

• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• There is no change in the membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• Sodium (Na+)
• Potassium (K+)
• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

• There is little to no effect on the resting membrane potential.
• The membrane potential becomes more negative.
• The membrane potential becomes less negative.
• The membrane potential becomes positive.

• To maintain a stable environment for neuronal signaling.
• To generate action potentials spontaneously.
• To prevent ion movement across the membrane.
• To equalize ion concentrations inside and outside the neuron.