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Rhetorical Analysis of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address

In November 1863, during the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a speech at the dedication of a national cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, honoring soldiers who died in battle. The speech, now known as the Gettysburg Address, reflects on the meaning of the war and the principles upon which the United States was founded.

Question 1

Essay

Read the passage carefully.

Then, in a well-written essay, analyze the rhetorical choices Lincoln makes to convey his message about the Civil War, national identity, and the responsibilities of the living.

In your response, you should consider elements such as:

  • Historical context and occasion
  • Tone and shifts in tone
  • Diction and figurative language
  • Syntax, including repetition and parallel structure
  • Appeals to shared values and beliefs

Your essay should:

  • Respond to the prompt with a defensible thesis
  • Provide specific evidence from the text
  • Explain how the evidence supports your line of reasoning
  • Demonstrate control of grammar and effective use of language

Source 1.1

Four-score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that this nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be here dedicated to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

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