ACT Success - Science - Practice #1

Group 1

Source 1.1

• 450 nm

• 550 nm

• 650 nm

• 750 nm

• 450 nm

• 550 nm

• 650 nm

• 750 nm

• The red to far-red light ratio affects leaf size

• Decreasing light intensity leads to increased leaf size

• Plants undergo stress under far-red light

• Leaf size is independent of light wavelength

Group 2

• To communicate over longer distances.

• To penetrate low-frequency urban noise.

• To attract more mates.

• To decrease energy expenditure in song production.

• Birds decreasing the duration of their songs.

• Birds singing at lower frequencies.

• Birds singing louder and with more focused energy.

• Birds reducing the number of their calls.

• Planning may prioritize areas known to have quieter surroundings to support species with less flexible song adaptations.

• Urban planning is unlikely to consider bird song adaptations as a factor in development.

• Green spaces should be designed to amplify urban noise to encourage adaptive behaviors.

• All bird species will benefit uniformly from increased urban green spaces.

• Urban noise has a universally negative impact on bird populations.

• The benefits provided by urban settings can sometimes offset the negative impacts of noise.

• Urban noise benefits bird populations more than it harms them.

• Bird populations in urban settings are less successful than those in rural settings.

Group 3

• Granite cliffs

• Sandy beaches

• Limestone coastlines

• Volcanic islands

• Geologist 1

• Geologist 2

• Geologist 3

• None of the above

• It would strengthen their argument, as the technology counters non-chemical erosion processes.

• It would weaken their argument, as chemical erosion would remain a significant factor.

• It would not affect their viewpoint, as their focus is on natural chemical processes.

• It would require a reevaluation of their theory, depending on whether erosion rates decline.

• Geologist 1, as their theory does not account for human impact.

• Geologist 2, since their theory relies heavily on chemical processes.

• Geologist 3, as their theory emphasizes anthropogenic factors.

• Both Geologist 2 and Geologist 3, as natural processes are still significant.

Group 4

Source 4.1

• Graph A

• Graph B

• Graph C

• Graph D

• Graph A

• Graph B

• Graph C

• Graph D

• Graph A

• Graph B

• Graph C

• Graph D