4.6 Practice MCQs
Group 2
Questions 1-2 refer to the passage below
“The state of monarchy is the supremist thing upon earth. For kings are not only God’s lieutenants upon earth, and sit upon God’s throne, but even by God himself they are called gods. There be three principal similitudes that illustrate the state of monarchy. [Firstly] In the Scriptures kings are called gods, and so their power after a certain relation compared to the divine power. Kings are also compared to fathers of families, for a king is truly parens patriae [able to make legal decisions], the politic father of his people. And lastly, kings are compared to the head of this microcosm of the body of man.”
King James VI [of Scotland] and I [of England], from a speech to Parliament, 1610.
Question 2a
In what method commonly used by monarchs in the 16th and 17th centuries was King James attempting to legitimize his rule with this speech?
He was establishing his legal right to override the decisions of Parliament
He was using his position as the head of the Church of England to validate his control over the people
He was showing his compassion for the people of England by asserting that he was ruling with the will of God
He was using religious doctrine to justify political legitimacy by asserting that he was ruling with the will of God
Question 2b
Which of the following is an example of how another European ruler attempted to reinforce his rule in this period?
Philip II of Spain sealed off Spain from the threat of Protestantism
Charles V of Spain defended Catholic dogma in the Counter-Reformation
Louis XIV of France created the gigantic Palace of Versailles near Paris
Charles I of England defeated his opponents in the English Civil War
Group 3
Question 3 refers to the image below
Palace of Versailles
Question 3a
Which is the most likely reason that rulers during the 17th century built elaborate palaces?
To demonstrate their wealth and power.
To provide jobs for artists, architects, and builders.
To create fortresses as a defense against invading armies.
To glorify and demonstrate the power of the official state religion.
Group 4
Question 4 refers to the passage below
“During the height of the tulip trade in the Netherlands, demand for rare varieties of tulip bulbs soared, with prices reaching astonishing levels. A single bulb could cost as much as a skilled worker’s annual salary. However, as quickly as the demand rose, the market collapsed, leaving many ruined and the Dutch economy shocked by the speculative bubble.”
Adapted from primary accounts of Dutch merchants, 1637.
Question 4a
What was a significant social consequence of the collapse of tulip prices in the Netherlands?
A shift to agricultural labor as the main economic activity
Widespread bankruptcy among investors and economic strain on urban merchants
Increased migration from the Netherlands to the New World
The end of international trade with Asia
Group 5
Questions 5-7 refer to the passage below
“The sale of indulgences to finance the building of St. Peter’s Basilica goes against the core teachings of Christianity. Only true repentance can absolve one of sin; a piece of paper cannot buy forgiveness. This exploitation must end, for it strays far from Christ’s teachings and deceives believers.”
Martin Luther, 95 Theses, 1517
Question 5a
What primary criticism does Martin Luther direct at the Catholic Church in this excerpt?
The Church’s focus on salvation by faith alone
The accumulation of wealth by clergy members
The Church’s sale of indulgences as a means to gain wealth
The Pope’s inability to change religious doctrine
Question 5b
Which of the following best explains the significance of Martin Luther’s 95 Theses in European history?
It marked the beginning of the Scientific Revolution.
It initiated the Protestant Reformation, leading to religious fragmentation.
It ended the use of Latin in European religious texts.
It unified European nations under one religion.
Question 5c
How did the invention of the printing press influence the spread of Luther’s ideas?
It allowed for a faster distribution of his writings across Europe.
It prevented his ideas from reaching the nobility.
It restricted the dissemination of his ideas to Germany.
It enabled the Catholic Church to control his writings.
Group 6
Questions 8-10 refer to the passage below
“The Church reaffirms that salvation can be attained through faith and works, not by faith alone, as certain reformers claim. The veneration of saints and relics remains important in our faith, and the sacraments are necessary to achieve grace. We must correct abuses but preserve our doctrine.”
Council of Trent, 1563
Question 6a
What primary goal did the Catholic Church aim to achieve through the Council of Trent?
To align with Protestant doctrine
To address abuses while reaffirming Catholic doctrine
To abolish the practice of indulgences altogether
To translate the Bible into vernacular languages
Question 6b
Which doctrine was upheld by the Council of Trent in response to Protestant Reformation criticisms?
Justification by faith alone
The necessity of both faith and good works for salvation
The exclusive authority of the clergy in interpreting the Bible
The rejection of saints and relics
Question 6c
What was one major outcome of the Catholic Reformation for European society?
The unification of all Christian groups
The spread of Protestantism to Southern Europe
The reinforcement of Catholic identity in Southern Europe
The reduction of religious wars
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